Bakgrund: Att följa restriktioner gällande livsstil, och att ta mediciner som ordinerat, är nödvändigt för att en njurtransplanterad patient ska bibehålla funktion i den transplanterade njuren. Inom sjukvården benämns detta beteende för compliance. Non-compliance hos njurtransplanterade rapporteras i studier uppgå till 43 %. Non-compliance rapporteras öka risken för avstötning av njuren med upp till sju gånger för en patient med låg compliance, jämfört med en patient med hög compliance. Syfte: Syftet med aktuell litteraturstudie är att belysa faktorer som påverkar en vuxen njurtransplanterad patients compliance.

Background: One of the main concerns related to medical therapy is non-compliance to drugs. More than half of all patients do not comply with prescribed medication. Non-compliance to drug therapy leads to unnecessary suffering for the patient and there are no easy solutions to the problem. In order to create understanding for the individual patient it is important that medical staffs are enlightened on the existing problems concerning this matter. Purpose: To describe factors that effect compliance to drug prescription.

Background: Surgical complications has been the main cause of medical injuries and deaths worldwide. In 2008 WHO developed the checklist for safe surgery to reduce the number of surgical complications. The objective of the checklist is to strengthen already established safety routines and contribute to better cooperation and communication. Research shows that compliance to the checklist is deficient, which can affect patient safety.Aim: The aim was to study the extent to which theatre nurses participate in the use of the checklist.Method: Observational study was conducted with a descriptive design and quantitative approach. 24 observations were carried out with aid of an observation protocol of two surgical units at a hospital in central Sweden.Result: The results showed that Timeout initiated widely but compliance to all items was considerably lower.

Cross infection is a global health problem. The cost for cross infection increases every year. Florence Nightingale focused her attention on preventing cross infections by using good hygiene and as a nurse that is one of your more important tasks. Nurses have guidelines for how hygiene should be implemented in practice. The aim of this study is to investigate factors that influence nurses´ compliance to guidelines regarding hygiene.

Background: Surgical complications has been the main cause of medical injuries and deaths worldwide. In 2008 WHO developed the checklist for safe surgery to reduce the number of surgical complications. The objective of the checklist is to strengthen already established safety routines and contribute to better cooperation and communication. Research shows that compliance to the checklist is deficient, which can affect patient safety.Aim: The aim was to study the extent to which theatre nurses participate in the use of the checklist.Method: Observational study was conducted with a descriptive design and quantitative approach. 24 observations were carried out with aid of an observation protocol of two surgical units at a hospital in central Sweden.Result: The results showed that Timeout initiated widely but compliance to all items was considerably lower.

In today?s health care it?s most common to treat an illness with a kind of pharmaceutical preparation. But lack of resources, given information and bad communication and collaboration between the patient and the nursing staff can lead to a patient unwilling to follow the doctor?s prescription. This does not just affect the individual patient?s health but it can also result in consequences for other people and the whole society.

Background: Hand hygiene is the simplest and most fundamental means to prevent care related infections. It is of great importance that the guideline of hand hygiene is followed for the patient?s sake. Unfortunately, healthcare workers perform hand hygiene too seldom. If the patient comes down with a care related infection, the suffering will increase.

Background Nightingale attention that hygiene was an important task to prevent health- related infection. Today there are guidelines how hand hygiene should be followed, to prevent health- related infection. Good knowledge and education in hand hygiene and its consequences if it?s not followed is of great importance. Hand hygiene should be performed before and after the clean and the unclean work with patients and materials.

Background: Nosocomial infections pose a big threat to patient safety and increased costs for society. An effective way of preventing cross-infections is to apply hygiene routines. Studies show that compliance to hygiene routines is low while there's a lack of knowledge about the best way of improving it. Aim: To investigate whether a conversation based on the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) could influence a nurse's compliance to hygiene routines and whether it could benefit the understanding of a nurse's compliance. Method: A quantitative and qualitative method was used in the study and included one nurse.

Mål: Målet med arbetet var att undersöka varför vissa patienter har bättre compliance vid ortodontisk behandling än andra och vad som kan förbättra compliance. Detta för att möjliggöra utarbetningen av en framtida metod som skulle kunna upptäcka non-compliers innan behandlingsstart och därigenom kunna ge dem en mer effektiv behandling. Enskilda prediktorer för compliance och deras relativa påverkan på compliance undersöktes också. Metod: Artiklar samlades in via en sökning i databaserna PubMed och Cochrane med hjälp av MeSH-termer. Dessa lästes sedan igenom och för undersökningen relevanta artiklar togs fram med hjälp av exklusions- och inklusionskriterier. Resultat: Övervakning av patienters användning av sin apparatur med hjälp av timermodul ökar compliance över tiden. Lägre ålder på patienten samt dennes relation till sina föräldrar och deras engagemang i behandlingen påverkade compliance positivt, liksom kortare behandlingstid. Slutsats: Det går med nuvarande forskningsunderlag inte att förutsäga compliance på ett pålitligt sätt.

The aim of the present literature study was to define and describe the area ?compliance in veterinary medicine? (i.e. the way treatment recommendations are being performed) and discuss the factors that influence the level of compliance. Based on the findings, a model that intended to increase compliance in orthopedic postoperative rehabilitation of dogs was designed. In the daily work as a veterinary nurse it is essential that one provides the best possible care to the animals from the beginning to the end of the treatment.

Bakgrund: Under första levnadsåren kan ett öga utveckla en synnedsättning beroende på att ögats synintryck hindras, amblyopi, vilket drabbar sex procent av alla barn. Amblyopi behandlas genom korrigering av brytningsfel med glasögon och/eller lappbehandling. Efter sju års ålder är det vanligen svårt att förbättra synen i ett amblyopt öga.  För att barnet ska uppnå optimal synskärpa är det viktigt att vårdgivaren har kunskaper om compliance och att givna ordinationer följs. Syfte: Syftet med studien var att ur ett barn- och föräldraperspektiv belysa faktorer som är av betydelse för compliance vid behandling av barn med amblyopi.

Preoperativ fasta är väsentlig för den anestesiologiska säkerheten. Det ärviktigt att både patienter och personal följer de nationella rekommendationersom finns angående fastans duration, då en för kort eller för lång fasta kanförsämra de perioperativa förutsättningarna för patienten. Syftet med dennapilotstudie var att kartlägga elektiva patienters compliance till lokalarekommendationer angående preoperativ fasta. I syfte att testa metodengjordes en pilotstudie med fem semistrukturerade intervjuer. Den insamladedatan bearbetades med hjälp av kvalitativ innehållsanalys.

Swedish studies have shown that more people than expected have problems with leg ulcers and that the yearly cost for treatment per patient is approximately 26 500kr. Since the elderly population is on the rise, there is a need to highlight this growing problem, to make sure that proper assessment tools are used and to improve the standard of care given to patients with leg ulcers. The aim was to show what a difference the nurse can make to patients with leg ulcers. With all types of wounds it is imperative to establish if there is any underlying reasons since certain illnesses can cause more wounds or delay the healing process. The doctor is responsible for making the diagnosis and to prescribe the correct treatment whereas the nurse?s responsibility is for the nursing care and its documentation.

SammanfattningDet här arbetet är en litteraturstudie. Arbetet tar upp litteratur om kommunikation i vården främst från humansidan, men även en del veterinärlitteratur. Arbetet tar upp grunden för kommunikation och olika kommunikationsmodeller. Vidare tas sjuksköterskans roll upp och hur den kan påverka relationen till patienten genom professionalism, empati, människosyn och medmänsklighet. Det handlar även om vad litteraturen säger om effekten av behandling som ett resultat av kommunikation samt hur man kan mäta effekten av behandling.